불완전타동사 수동태 |
1. |
목적보어가 명사구일 때
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appoint A B(A를 B에 임명하다) |
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→ A is appointed B(A가 B에 임명되다)
ex) He appointed her the president of the class.
→ She was appointed the president by him. |
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call A B(A를 B라고 부르다) |
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→ A is called B(A가 B라고 불리다) |
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consider A B(A를 B라고 여기다) |
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→ A is considered B(A가 B라고 여겨지다) |
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elect A B(A를 B에 선출하다) |
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→ A is elected B(A가 B에 선출되다) |
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name A B(A를 B라고 부르다) |
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→ A is named B(A가 B라고 불리다) | | |
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2. |
목적보어가 to 부정사일 때
ask [tell, advise, require,
force, allow] A to do
(A에게 ~하라고 하다) |
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A is asked [told, advised,
required, forced, allowed] to do
(A가 ~하도록 요구받다) |
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절 수동태 |
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It is said[believed, thought, expected] that + S + V |
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= S(that절의 주어) is said
[believed, thought, expected] + to부정사 |
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ex) It is said that the CEO will resign.
= The CEO is said to resign. | |
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숙어처럼 외워야 할 「수동태+by 이외의 전치사」 |
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be disappointed at[with, in] |
~에 실망하다 |
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be surprised[alarmed, astonished, shocked] at |
~에 놀라다 |
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be satisfied[pleased] with |
~에 만족하다 |
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be covered with |
~로 덮여있다 |
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be filled[crowded] with |
~으로 가득 차다 |
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be faced with |
~에 직면하다 |
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be involved in[with] |
~에 관련되다 |
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be engaged in |
~에 종사하다 |
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be indulged[absorbed] in |
~에 몰입하다 |
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be based on |
~에 기초를 두다 |
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be concerned[worried] about |
~에 대해 걱정하다 |
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be devoted to |
~에 헌신하다 |
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be exposed to |
~에 노출되다 |
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be made of[from] |
~로 만들어지다 |
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be tired of |
~에 지겨워지다 |
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be[get] married to + sb |
~와 결혼하다 |
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be made up of |
~로 구성되어 있다 |
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(= be composed of / be comprised of / comprise / consist of)
ex) Our team is made up of five members. | |
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수동태로 쓰지 않는 경우 |
1. |
자동사는 우리말로 ‘~하게 되다’라고 해석할 수 있다 해도 수동태로 쓸 수 없다.
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happen[take place, occur] |
발생하다 |
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appear/disappear |
나타나다/사라지다 |
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look[appear, seem] |
~인 것처럼 보이다 |
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result in |
결과로서 생기다 |
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remain |
남아있다 |
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arrive |
도착하다 |
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exist |
존재하다 |
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work |
작동하다, 효과가 있다 |
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count[matter] |
중요하다 |
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vt. 숫자를 세다(수동태 가능) |
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will do |
충분하다 |
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range from A to B |
범위가 A에서 B에 이르다 |
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rise |
오르다, 치솟다 | | |
1. |
자동사는 우리말로 ‘~하게 되다’라고 해석할 수 있다 해도 수동태로 쓸 수 없다.
다음 타동사들은 수동의 의미를 갖고 있기 때문에 목적어에 영향을 미쳐
변화를 일으키지 못하는 타동사들이다. 이런 타동사들은 수동태로 쓰지
않는다. |
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undergo[go through] |
~를 겪다 |
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cost |
~의 비용이 들다 |
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resemble |
~를 닮다 |
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become[fit, suit] |
~에 어울리다 |
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turn |
~을 돌다 |
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reach |
~에 다다르다
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